Hephaestus-1

title: “Hephaestus-1” description: “A Core XY Printer” Made by : Boa_N

Total time: 73 hours 50 mins (Idk how accurate this is probably pretty close tho)

I have a 3D printer or will be getting one before March 21st (friend)

Hephaestus is the god of artisens and craftsman. with this printer I want to be able to create cool things just like a artisen or craftsman would.

Nicknamed “fire hazard”

Goals and Requirments

standard 235 x 235mm
CoreXY
Enclosed
at least 150mm/s
Klipper
Open-Source
won’t burn my house down (I hope)
Rigid for good printing qualtiy
A Cool Logo Embossed somewhere
RGB lights

Helpfull Resources

www.matterhackers.com/articles/anatomy-of-a-3d-printer

BOM (Bill Of Materials)

Name	Price	Amount	Total Price	Link	Quanity	Notes
Sherpa Extruder	36.89	1	36.89	link	1
E3D V6	13.5	1	13.5	link	1
mini fan 2-pack	10.99	1	10.99	link	2
linear rail guide 2pc	35.99	1	35.99	link	2
Timing Belt 5M & pullys	16.99	1	16.99	link	7
Al Exstrusion 2020 400mm 8pc	26.99	1	26.99	link	8
SKR Mini BigTree V3	39.99	1	39.99	link	1
Nema Stepper Moter 3PC	16.1	1	16.1	link	3
Hot Bed	18.59	1	18.59	link	1
BedScrews	11.69	1	11.69	link	0
EndStops	8.99	1	8.99	link	6
Lead Screw	9.99	1	9.99	link	1
Power Supply	20.66	1	20.66	link	1
Rasbery Pi	24.99	0	0	link	1
PTFE Tubes	8.99	1	8.99	link	1
1 Stepper moter	6.99	1	6.99	link	1
M3-Screws	9.99	1	9.99	link	800
M5-Screws	9.99	1	9.99	link	200
M3-M5 heated Inserts	15.98	1	15.98	link	420
Linear Motion Rods 4pc 400mm	16.99	1	16.99	link	2
Build Surface	0	1	0	link	1
Logitech quickcam 9000	10.99	0	0	N/A (its too old)	1
Linear Bearing	8.99	1	8.99	link	2	I know it is old but its what I have
Plywood	21.23	0	0	link	1
SprayPaint	5.98	0	0	link	1
PCB	10	0	0	N/A (I made it)	1
Lights	13.99	1	13.99	link	1
Needed			359.27
Total			432.46		1467

Log

Research and Initial Design

Day 1 - 3

Feb 15 - Feb 17 2025

3 hour 20 min

Over the first three days, I conducted extensive research on 3D printer fundamentals and began planning the project. With very limited experience in 3D printing and no current access to a printer, I focused on understanding core design principles. I decided on using a CoreXY system and developed a project logo while outlining the initial design plan. To simplify the build and enhance manageability, I established some base requirements and identified components that would make construction easier. After evaluating different control boards, I settled on the SKR E3 V3 Mini, running Klipper on a Raspberry Pi 5, which I already had on hand.

CAD Design

Day 4 - 16

Feb 18 - Mar 2 2025

55 hours 30 min

This was a long process, as I had never designed such a complicated system before. I used Fusion 360 for the design. Initially, I started with the frame using 4040 extrusions but later switched to 2020 extrusions to reduce costs. I designed the print head and Z-axis last, as they were among the most complex parts. The print head, in particular, was challenging because it required multiple intricate components to fit together precisely. Throughout the process, I faced many challenges—most of the parts I initially selected were the wrong size or too expensive, forcing me to refine the model multiple times. Despite these difficulties, this project taught me a lot about designing complex systems.

I started by working on the frame. I started the frame using 4040 extsrusion until I relized its like a 40 dollar diffrince if I use 2020 extrusions which I found way later. 10 hours

I worked on mounting the moters. I chose to put the moters on top of the extrusions for a “cleaner” look. turns out this makes the entire printer much harder to design. This includes the carriage and belt system. This took around 12 hours

I created the printer head which took way longer than I want to admit to start. I have never designed something like this before which was a major challange. It is very hard to design around multiple diffrint parts and get them to fit all together however I did get it to work. This took around 12 hours.

I added the z-axis moter and the base plate. The printer will have around a 250x250 build area. I had a hard time creating a part that would support the plate in all the places it needed to. This part was not that hard to create. 5.5 hours

I worked on adding some cosmetic feauters to give my printer a clean look. I also added some areas to allow for airflow to go over the electronics inside. I added that can hold lights that will be added later and connected to the rasbery pie. I also added a box around the pcb and base for a cleaner astetch. 4 hours

At the end I just did some genral work to make evreything cleaner and work better this took the rest of the time on the cad design. 12 hours

BOM

Day 17 - 23

Mar 3 - Mar 15 2025

15 hours

Day 17 to 23, I compiled a detailed Bill of Materials (BOM), focusing on cost-effective sourcing strategies. To reduce expenses, I opted to 3D print some parts while using plywood for others due to its strength compared to printed components and its affordability relative to metal alternatives. Most of the required parts were sourced from Amazon to take advantage of cheap shipping and fast delivery. The process of finding affordable yet high-quality components took considerable time, but it ensured that the build would be both efficient and budget-friendly.

BOM

PCB

Day 24 - 25

Mar 16 - Mar 17 2025

4 hours

On day 24, I designed a custom PCB to serve as a control panel mounted on the front of the printer. This board features an OLED screen for displaying information, four integrated buttons housed within a shell, and connection pads for linking it to the Raspberry Pi. The PCB design enhances the user interface and accessibility of the printer, ensuring a smoother operation experience.